Introduction to C#

What is C# and why to use C#.

C# (csharp) is a general purpose, object oriented, powerful programming language developed by Microsoft. A Team of developers led by Anders Hejlsberg at Microsoft developed this language and it is approved by European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) and International Standards Organization (ISO). Using C#, developers can build many types of secured and robust applications with .NET framework

C# has it's roots in C and C++. The developers who have worked on C or C++ shall find the C# quite familiar. Since it's creation , C# has added many features which plays important role in developing quality softwares and applications. With each version of the C#, new features were added to support the modern software development approach.

A brief about .Net framework.

A .Net framework is a virtual machine known as Common Language Runtime with the set of libraries.
.Net framework compiles and executes programs written in language like C# and Visual basic. .Net framework contains many libraries to support workload and development of different types of applications. These libraries are organized into namespaces. When C# has perform certain operation, the required namespace must be imported from .Net framework.

A simple C# program
using System;
 
namespace HelloCsharp
{
    public class Program
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello cSharp");
        }
    }
}

Explanation:

using System: This statement specifies that the program is importing the System namespace and it's functionalities that are required by program to run.

namespace HelloCsharp:  This is the user defined custom namespace. It can be thought of as container for all your classes and libraries.

public class Program:  As C# is object oriented language, the members and functions are written inside  a class. 

static void main(): This is the entry point of the application. When the C# application is run, the main() method will be executed first.

Console.WriteLine("Hello Csharp"): This statement writes the Hello Csharp on the console window.

How to C# program is executed?

  • The source code is compiled into Intermediate Language (IL). The IL code along with resources is stored into an assembly with the .dll extension. 
  • When the C# program is executed, the dll assembly is loaded into CLR. The CLR converts IL code to native machine instructions using Just-In-time compilation. CLR provides many service some of which are automatic garbage collection, error handling resource management etc

Features of C#

  • Type safety
  •  Auto Implemented properties
  • Anonymous methods
  • Lambda expression
  • Expression trees
  • Extension methods
  • Implicitly typed local variables
  • Partial Classes and methods  and many more

Why to use C#

  • C# is easy to learn language, simple object oriented language.
  • C# is modern object oriented language which supports development of many types of robust and secured applications.
  • Because of it's popularity, it has wide community of developers.
  • Variety of applications can be developed with C# including Console application, Windows form, WPF, WCF services, class libraries web applications etc.
  • C# is the preferred language for Game development.
  • Highly scalable applications can be developed.

Summary

There is a high demand of C# developers in the market. Since it's creation, Microsoft has been adding many new features to the C#. Many companies in the world use C# language along with .Net framework to develop their softwares and applications.

The latest version of the C# is C# 11. The popularity of the C# is continuously growing. It's definitely  worth learning C# to make career as Software developer.



Click here to watch the video tutorial.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Implicitly typed keyword - var in C#

What is var var is a keyword in C#. It is used to declare the implicitly typed local variables. You can assign value of any type to var, and the compiler will decide the data type of value at the compile time.  Example var age=20; var name="ABCD"; var number=23.3 To get the data type of value that has been assigned to the var, you can use GetType() method. Console.WriteLine(age.GetType());     //output - System.Int32 Console.WriteLine(name.GetType());     //output - System.String Console.WriteLine(number.GetType());    //output - System.Double Initialization The var must be initialized at the time of declaration. Otherwise the compiler gives the compile time error. var age;       error - implicit typed variables must be initialized Multiple Declarations Multiple var variables cannot be declared on the same line. var age=23,Id=32; error- Implicitly typed variables cannot have multiple declarators var as a function parameter var cannot be used as functi
Read more

Classes and objects in C#

 What is a class A class is like a container which contains methods, fields, constructors events, and delegates etc. Just like every other object oriented programming language, everything in C# is associated with a class and object. A class depicts real world entity. For example, in real world, a car has several characteristics like colour, speed, etc. Also a car has wheels, steering, seats and many other parts. you can create 'Car' class in C# containing properties like Wheel, Steering. Car class will have methods to show the functionality of the Car like Start,Stop,DoorOpen , DoorClosed, etc. What is an object An object is an instance of a class. Using object, we can access the properties and methods of a class. We can create multiple objects of a single class. Declaring a class To create a class in C#, use the keyword class followed by name of the class. class Employee { } You can create properties, methods and variables in class. class Employee {     string Color="Re
Read more

Data types in C#

What is a Data type? A data type specifies the type of value that can be stored in a variable. C# is a strongly typed language. It means every variable in c# must have a data type specified. Type of Data Types. In C#, there are basically 2 types of data types 1) Value type - These are simple types like int,bool,char, float etc 2) Reference type - These are complex types which includes class,arrays, interface and delegates etc For example  int age=12;  float number=12.3; bool IsPresent=false; char type='A';  string msg="Hello"; Data types and it's range. This table lists some predefined data types in c# and the range of values it can store. Signed Data types Data Type Description Size sbyte 8-bit signed integer -128 to 127 short 16 bit signed -32768 to 32767 int 32 bit signed -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 long 64 bit signed -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223
Read more